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Refine interfaces, implementation, formatting and comments according to the C++
style guide and Chrome coding standards. Behavior is unaltered except for a few
edge cases and Win32 API error handling.

This change is done as part of the readability review process. Original review:
https://crrev.com/1016563004.

Review URL: https://codereview.chromium.org/1030923002

Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#324107}