[clang-tidy] Enable several bugprone checks

This change enables the following bugprone clang-tidy checks:

* bugprone-dangling-handle
* bugprone-inaccurate-erase
* bugprone-string-constructor

bugprone-dangling-handle and bugprone-string-constructor are customized
to cover handles and strings defined in //base as well.

This change was previously announced on cxx@chromium.org:
https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/g/cxx/c/hDDUlz1OMUw

Bug: None
Change-Id: I7a2308808eb8cf5d27a0798f50afd6c36c6dca5b
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/2584937
Auto-Submit: Jan Wilken Dörrie <jdoerrie@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: danakj <danakj@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Jan Wilken Dörrie <jdoerrie@chromium.org>
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#837177}

.clang-tidy

 ---
   Checks:          '-*,
                     bugprone-argument-comment,
+                    bugprone-dangling-handle,
+                    bugprone-inaccurate-erase,
+                    bugprone-string-constructor,
                     bugprone-string-integer-assignment,
                     bugprone-unused-raii,
                     bugprone-use-after-move,
@@ -25,6 +28,10 @@
                     modernize-use-transparent-functors,
                     readability-redundant-member-init'
   CheckOptions:
+    - key:          bugprone-dangling-handle.HandleClasses
+      value:        ::std::basic_string_view;::std::span;::base::BasicStringPiece;::base::span
+    - key:          bugprone-string-constructor.StringNames
+      value:        ::std::basic_string;::std::basic_string_view;::base::BasicStringPiece
     - key:          modernize-use-default-member-init.UseAssignment
       value:        1
     # This relaxes modernize-use-emplace in some cases; we might want to make it